Low back pain-causes and treatment

Various diseases can cause back pain.

The main disease that causes back pain is joint damage to the spine or hip joints.

In most cases, this symptom is caused by lumbosacral disease.

The lumbar spine is mobile, which can cause more frequent injuries to this particular area.

Causes of low back pain

Back pain is a sign of a problem with the body, including problems with the spine, hip joints, or internal organs near the lower back.

If your back is painful in the waist, the reasons may be as follows:

• Lumbosacral osteochondrosis may cause pain;
• Pain may be due to intervertebral hernia;
• Ankylosing spondylitis;
• Vertebrae displacement;
• Rheumatism;
• Inflammation of the back muscles (myositis);
• Inflammation of the sciatic nerve;
• Spinal fractures;
• Hip arthropathy and other spine and hip joint diseases.

In addition, lower back pain may occur due to muscle strain or muscle spasm. If you move suddenly while carrying a weight on your lower back, muscle cramps may occur:

• Sharp turn
• Sudden weight lifting
• When exercising.

Lumbosacral osteochondrosis

For lumbosacral osteochondrosis, back pain in the lumbar region may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Increased urination;
• Urinary incontinence;
• Chronic and often worsening diseases of the bladder;
• Reproductive organ diseases;
• Rectal problems.

In most cases, the back pain caused by osteochondrosis is:

• pain;
• burst;
• pull;
• Sometimes the pain is burning.

Normally, in this case, waist pain disappears when standing or lying down, but worsens when sitting, especially on hard surfaces, coughing and physical exertion.

Causes of low back pain caused by lumbosacral osteochondrosis

The lumbar spine is characterized by great flexibility and can withstand heavy daily loads.

This is the main cause of lumbar osteochondrosis, manifested by malnutrition and deformation of the intervertebral disc.

People at high risk of developing lumbosacral osteochondrosis include:

• Overweight person
• Lead an inactive lifestyle;
• There is an incorrect posture.

In addition, this disease may develop due to overwork of professional athletes or even improper exercise at home.

Frequent stress and lack of sleep can lead to the development of osteochondrosis.

People with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and other arthritic diseases often suffer from lumbosacral osteochondrosis.

Treatment of osteochondrosis

The purpose of treating sacral lumbar osteochondrosis is to slow down the destruction of the intervertebral disc, restore the function of the nerve root, and eliminate pain.

To do this, please apply:

• drug;
• Manual therapy
• Physical therapy
• physiotherapy;
• Surgical methods.

In the treatment of osteochondrosis of lumbosacral osteochondrosis, these drugs are used as:

• Cartilage protective agent (to restore cartilage tissue);
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• Immunomodulator
• Steroids;
• Vitamin complex.

You must be very careful when using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids because they have many contraindications and side effects.

There are several ways to treat osteochondrosis:

1. Manual therapy helps restore the function of the lumbar spine and its anatomical structure. Osteochondrosis massage helps strengthen the muscles of the lower back and improve the metabolic processes in the tissues.
2. Physiotherapy is performed after the acute phase of the disease is stopped with the help of drugs. The most useful for osteochondrosis are: electrophoresis, paraffin therapy, sonic therapy and magnetic therapy. In order to achieve tangible results, it is recommended to perform 10 physical therapy procedures in 3 courses with two weeks in between.
3. One of the most effective ways to treat osteochondrosis is physical therapy exercises. Physical education should be carried out after proper consultation with a doctor, preferably under the supervision of a specialist doctor. A set of exercises specifically designed to treat lumbosacral osteochondrosis will help strengthen the back muscles, thereby reducing part of the load on the intervertebral disc.
4. Hot spring treatments (radion bath, therapeutic mud, etc. ) have a good effect on osteochondrosis.

If you ignore the symptoms of osteochondrosis and do not seek medical help, then this will lead to the development of the disease, and soon the back pain will become so severe, you still need to consult a doctor for help.

Prevent osteochondrosis

For the health of the spine, you need to eat correctly, control your posture, and live an active lifestyle.

When carrying weights and exercising, you must be careful not to over stretch your back and damage your spine.

Back pain caused by lumbar disc herniation

Intervertebral disc herniation or intervertebral disc herniation is a disease in which the intervertebral disc is deformed, the outside of the intervertebral disc is ruptured at the same time, and the inside of the intervertebral disc is herniated outside the vertebral body.

Back pain

Usually, low back pain will appear as a backache in the waist.

Low back pain is acute low back pain that occurs suddenly during physical exertion and weight lifting.

In this case, back pain has the characteristics of tearing, tingling, and shooting. It is related to the rapid prolapse of the intervertebral disc and the stimulation of the nerve endings located in the annulus.

The reflex is triggered, so the tension of the waist muscles is greatly increased. The patient is stiff in a monotonous position, unable to straighten his back and turn around.

This manifestation of lumbar disc herniation is most common in men aged 30-40.

Sciatica

Sciatica (sciatica)-irritation of the sciatic nerve caused by a herniated protrusion that squeezes the root of the spinal cord.

Sciatica causes pain, burning, tingling, and numbness, extending from the lower back to the back of the leg.

Depending on the location of the herniated disc, these symptoms usually occur on one side.

Symptoms of lumbar disc herniation

Table-Symptoms of herniated disc

The main symptoms	Features
Long-term pain in the waist.	It can last up to several months. They have a painful, pulling, and burning character.
Pelvic organ dysfunction.	Incontinence or urinary retention. Violation of bowel movements. In men, hernia can affect effectiveness.
The leg muscles are weak, the tone is weakened, and the reflexes are weakened.	Compresses the motor nerves at the root of the spinal cord.
Paralysis of the legs (complete lack of exercise) or paralysis (partial lack of exercise).	Compress and damage the spinal cord.
The skin is pale, sweating increases, and white or red spots appear.	Compress the nerves at the root of the spinal cord, regulate blood vessels, sweat glands and other autonomic nerve functions.

For intervertebral hernia, in most cases, pathological changes occur in the lumbar spine.

Differential disc herniation

Statistics on detecting intervertebral hernia:

• 48% of disc herniation occurs between the last lumbar vertebra (fifth) and the sacrum.
• 46% are located between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae.

Causes of intervertebral disc herniation

The development of a herniated disc is due to:

1. Degenerative changes in the vertebrae and intervertebral discs. A herniated disc is usually a complication of osteochondrosis.
2. Delayed spinal injury: vertebral compression fracture, subluxation.
3. Increased spine load: continuous sitting or standing work in a monotonous posture, improper weight bearing, excessive physical exertion, overtraining of athletes.
4. Sedentary lifestyle.
5. Infectious diseases affecting the spine.
6. overweight.
7. Congenital malformations of the spine.
8. Vibration action. In most cases, this is caused by industrial hazards. Under the influence of vibration, the structure of the intervertebral disc is disturbed and becomes fragile.
9. Poor posture, scoliosis.

Herniated Disc Treatment

According to statistics, in most cases of intervertebral disc herniation, all symptoms will disappear 6 weeks after the first onset and remission.

The body can recover spontaneously after 24 weeks. Therefore, there are not always indications for surgical intervention.

Medications used to treat herniated discs are designed to relieve back pain.

Hernias are mainly treated with the following drugs:

• Non-steroidal analgesics;
• Steroids.

Physical treatment of intervertebral hernia is carried out under the guidance of a doctor.

There are other ways to treat intervertebral hernia without surgery:

1. Manipulative therapy. The chiropractor is trying to remove the herniated disc with his hands.
2. Exercise therapy. This is a physical therapy exercise. It normalizes muscle tension, restores blood circulation, and increases tissue regeneration.
3. Spa.
4. Cryotherapy. This is a low-temperature processing technology. Place liquid nitrogen in the affected area. This can improve blood circulation in the tissues.

Herniated Disc Surgery

Surgical treatment of intervertebral hernia is prescribed in the following cases:

• Despite conservative treatment, severe back pain in the waist does not disappear for a long time;
• Severe neurological diseases: decreased sensitivity, decreased muscle tone and strength, paralysis and paralysis;
• Urinary incontinence, male impotence (if it is caused by compression of spinal cord hernia).

Use blockers to treat back pain

Hernia repair is a procedure designed to numb the affected area and relieve muscle spasms.

The block is performed by injection of anesthetic.

The characteristics of the treatment effect of the blockade are:

• Quickly relieve pain-it can be relieved in 1-2 minutes;
• Eliminate muscle cramps, which can aggravate pain;
• Relieve inflammation, especially the use of corticosteroids;
• Reduce soft tissue edema, which can cause squeezing of nerve fibers.

Contraindications of blockade:

• Infectious diseases of the spine;
• fever;
• mental illness;
• Cardiovascular failure stage 2-3;
• weakness;
• Coagulation disorders;
• Kidney and liver damage;
• Prone to seizures;
• pregnant.

Diagnosis of low back pain disease

If your back is painful in the waist, the first step is to consult a doctor and get an examination.

The doctor may perform a spinal examination with the help of:

• CT examination;
• X-ray of lumbosacral spine;
• Magnetic resonance imaging;
• EMG;
• Doppler angiography, etc.

Inspection and palpation of the waist and spine are mandatory. Need to consult a neurologist or chiropractor.

Therefore, the cause of low back pain is almost always vertebral displacement, muscle spasm, or intercostal neuralgia.